雅思阅读中定位词的查找

　　雅思阅读中定位词的查找。下面本文就几种常见的定位技巧做解析，并举例说明，希望可以给大家参考。

　　雅思定位词在文章中出现的第一种也是最常见的一种变身是“同义替换”，这包含同义词或同义词组。

　　剑6，Test4的Q9：Kim Schaefer’s marketing technique may be open to criticism onmoral grounds。题目中定位词为moral，在文章中定位，我们会在文章第三段中定位到“Selling pharmaceuticals is adaily exercise in ethical judgment”，而其中ethical即为moral的同义词。

　　雅思定位词在文章中出现的第二种变身是“近义替换”，这包含近义词或近义词组。

　　剑7，Test1的Q8：However, even before this was understood, the principle hadbeen applied in the design of instruments which calculated the ____ of theseabed。 此题为在原文中选词填空的摘要题，定位词为“calculate”和“seabed”， 在文章中我们会定位到“Before this wasdiscovered, engineers had already built instruments to exploit the principle,for example to measure the depth of the sea under aship”。此处“measure”即为“calculate”的近义词，而“sea”即为“seabed”的上义词。

　　雅思定位词在文章中出现的第三种变身是“派生词”。

　　剑6，Test3的Q33：Monkeys were less likely to becomediabetic。此题为分类题，定位词为“diabetic”，在文章中定位，我们能定位到句子“…and they have more normal bloodglucose levels(pointing to a reduced risk for diabetes, which is marked byusually high blood glucoselevels)”。题目中定位词“diabetic”为名词，意为“糖尿病患者”，而文章中的“diabetes”也为名词，但意为“糖尿病”，是“diabetic”的派生词。

　　雅思定位词在文章中出现的第四种变身是“反义词的否定形式”。

　　Sticking Power中的Q15：What makes sticky insects feet special is the fact thatthey can also detach themselves easily from a surface。

　　此题属于人名理论配对，题目中定位词为 detach。到文章中去定位，我们会定位到“’There are lots of ways to maketwo surfaces stick together, but there are very few which provide precise andreversible attachment’ says StasGorb”，句中attachment实际上为detach的反义词attach的名词形式，而reversible表示可逆的，因此 reversibleattachment即为detach的反义词(组)的否定形式。

　　雅思定位词在文章中出现的第五种变身是“上义词/词组”。

　　剑6，Test3的Q28：Studies show drugs available today can delay the process ofgrowing old。此题为是非无判断题，定位词为“drugs”，在文章中定位，我们能在文章第一段定位到“As researchers on agingnoted recently, no treatment on the market today has been proved to slow humanaging –the build-up of molecular and cellular damage that increasesvulnerability to infirmity as we get older”。文章中“treatment”即为定位词“drugs”的上义词。

　　雅思定位词在文章中出现的第六种变身是“下义词/词组”。

　　剑5，Test3的Q27：how AI might have a militaryimpact。此题为段落信息配对题，定位词为“military”，在文章中定位，我们会在E段定位到“HNC claim that their systembased on a cluster of 30processors, could be used to spot camouflaged vehicleson a battlefield or …”，句中“battlefield”即为“military”的下义词。

　　雅思定位词在文章中出现的第七种变身是“原词”，即没有变身。这种情况多发生在定位词是专有名词、专业术语或实义名词时。

　　剑7，Test3的Q28：Problems in Nordic countries were excluded because they areoutside the European Economic Community，此题为是非无判断题，定位词为“Nordiccountries”。在文章中定位，我们能够在第一段定位到“Those confined to particular geographical areas,such as countries bordering the Mediterranean or the Nordic countries thereforehad to be discarded”，句中的“Nordic countries”即为定位词原词。