雅思阅读考试题型

为了从各个方面测试考生的实际语言交流技巧，题型多种多样。常见的题型一共有10种，又可以细分为3大类：判断题、选择题和填空题。

以剑桥雅思8为例，一共12篇文章，160个小题，涵盖了10种题型中的9种。

下面结合具体真题，来讲解这10种题型的特点、答题步骤和注意事项。

第一部分 判断题

判断题是给出若干个题目（陈述句），要求考生根据文章所给的信息对每个句子进行判断。如果题目内容和文章内容一致，则选择 true/ yes；如果与文章内容相抵触，则选择 false/ no；如果题目内容在文章中并没有设计，则选择 not given。判断题是雅思阅读考试中难度比较大的一种，总体看来，占据25%的比例，换言之，每次雅思阅读考试会有10道判断题。

答题步骤：首先，找出题目中的关键词，然后根据关键词定位到文章中某一段落，也就是说把题目中的关键词与文章各段落的小标题或每段话的第一句相对照。先把题目定位到文章中的某一段落，这将大大提高答案的准确率。第二步，快速阅读所定位的段落。根据题目中的关键词，在该段落中找出与题目相关的句子，可能是某几句话（通常是某一句话）。最后，根据所找到的句子，结合题目作出判断。题目中关键词→定位段落→定位句子→作出判断。

注意，判断题决不能只凭借自己的感觉、常识或者背景知识来做题，而是一定要回到文章中寻找对应的信息，也就是说一定要把思路严格限制在文章给出的框架里。再者，判断题基本是按照题目关键词（或其同义词）在文章中出现的顺序来出题的，了解这一点，就可以根据题目中得关键词在文章中迅速定位，从而节约时间。第三，进行判断题的解答时候，对题目中出现的名词、动词和副词一定要特别加以注意。尤其副词在程度高低、范围大小、局部和整体、经常和偶尔等方面的区别往往是解题的关键。

最后，要注意题目要求回答的是什么。同是判断题，有的要求回答 ture，有的要求回答 yes。当然，这就是考生在审题时候的认真程度决定的了，不属于答题技巧的一部分。

真题示例 1

Striking Back at Lightning with Lasers

A stumbling block
　　However, there is still a big stumbling block. The laser is no nifty portable: it's a monster that takes up a whole room. Diels is trying to cut down the size and says that a laser around the size of a small table is in the offing. He plans to test this more manageable system on live thunderclouds next summer.
　　Bernstein says that Diels's system is attracting lots of interest from the power companies. But they have not yet come up with the $5 million that EPRI says will be needed to develop a commercial system, by making the lasers yet smaller and cheaper. 'I cannot say I have money yet, but I'm working on it, ' says Bernstein. He reckons that the forthcoming field tests will be the turning point - and he's hoping for good news. Bernstein predicts 'an avalanche of interest and support' if all goes well. He expects to see cloud-zappers eventually costing 100, 000 each.
　　Other scientists could also benefit. With a lightning 'switch' at their fingertips, materials scientists could find out what happens when mighty currents meet matter. Diels also hopes to see the birth of 'interactive meteorology' - not just forecasting the weather but controlling it. 'If we could discharge clouds, we might affect the weather, ' he says.
　　And perhaps, says Diels, we'll be able to confront some other meteorological menaces. 'We think we could prevent hail by inducing lightning, ' he says. Thunder, the shock wave that comes from a lightning flash, is thought to be the trigger for the torrential rain that is typical of storms. A laser thunder factory could shake the moisture out of clouds, perhaps preventing the formation of the giant hailstones that threaten crops. With luck, as the storm clouds gather this winter, laser-toting researchers could, for the first time, strike back.

　YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
　　NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
　　NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

11 Power companies have given Diels enough money to develop his laser.

解析：题目中可以看到关键词power company电力公司，据此可以定位到文章中（Bernstein says that Diels's system is attracting lots of interest from the power companies. But they have not yet come up with the $5 million that EPRI says will be needed to develop a commercial system, by making the lasers yet smaller and cheaper.）题目中说电力公司已经提供了资金，而定位句说的是 power … not yet come up with the $5 million.题目和定位句意思不相符合，因此判断为 NO。

考点：come up = given

12 Obtaining money to improve the lasers will depend on tests in real storms.

解析：题目中可见关键词 tests in real storms，据此可以定位到文章中（I cannot say I have money yet, but I'm working on it, ' says Bernstein. He reckons that the forthcoming field tests will be the turning point - and he's hoping for good news. Bernstein predicts 'an avalanche of interest and support' if all goes well. ）题目中说的是Obtaining money… depend on tests（获得资金... …取决于实验… … ）定位句说的是field tests … turning point …if all goes well（实地测试… … 转折点......如果成功将会得到关注）。题目和定位句的意思相符，因此判断为 YES。

13 Weather forecasters are intensely interested in Diels's system.

解析：句中关键词 weather forecasters，据此可以定位到（Diels also hopes to see the birth of 'interactive meteorology' - not just forecasting the weather but controlling it. 'If we could discharge clouds, we might affect the weather, ' he says.）此句话意思为：也希望看到“互动气象学”的问世——不仅仅是预测天气，而且能够控制它。“如果我们能在云层放电，那么我们就可以左右天气”。关键词 weather 在定位句中重现，稳重只有这一处提到了天气，但没有提到预报员，因此答案就是 NOT GIVEN。