雅思阅读“完成句子题”的考试要点分析

这种题目的题型要求是每个题目都是一个陈述句，但留有一个或两个空格，要求根据原文填空。目前考试中，绝大部分的题目要求中有字数限制，一般有如下几种表达方式：(1) no more than two/three/four words (不超过2/3/4 个字) ;(2)one or two words (一个或两个字);(3)use a maximum of two words(最多两个字)。有字数限制的，一定要严格按照要求去做，必须满足要求。少部分的题目要求中没有字数限制，这时，请注意，答案字数也不会很长，一般不会超过四个字。这种题型的解题方法和短问答类似，但比较问答要准。难度在于题目中的关键词和原文中的相应词对应不明显，考试中，A类一般是每次必考，考一组，共三题左右。G类一般是两次考一次，考一组，共三题左右。

1找出题目中的关键词，最好先定位到原文中的一个段落。将题目中的关键词与原文各段落的小标题或每段话的第一句相对照。有些题目能先定位到原文中的一个段落，这必将大大加快解题速度，并提高准确率。但也并非每个题目都能先定位到原文中的一个段落的。

我们可以通过对一篇雅思考试的题目的分析来掌握解考点和对策。

文章内容: This argument, of course, ignores the true nature of public communication and the nature of the occasions in which it occurs. When we engage with people we do not know well to solve problems, share understanding and perspectives, advocate viewpoints, or seek stimulation, we are engaged in public speaking. Public communication is a familiar, daily activity that occurs in the streets, in restaurants, in board rooms, courtrooms, parks, factories and meeting. Public communication is usually situation-specific and ephemeral. Most audiences do well if they remember as much as 40 per cent of what a speaker says immediately after the speaker concludes; even less is retained as time goes by. This fact is both reassuring and challenging to the public communicator. On the one hand, it suggests that there is room for human error in making public pronouncements; on the other hand, it challenges the public speaker to be as informed as possible and to strive to defeat the poor listening habits of most public audiences.

问题: Use information from the above paragraph to complete the following statements. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER.

S1 The writer defines public speaking as any activity where people jointly explore problems, knowledge, attitudes and opinions, or look for _____________.

S2 At the end of most public speeches, most audiences immediately forget about _____________ of what they have just heard.

S3 Because most public speeches are short-lived, the speaker should work to counteract the _____________ of the listeners.

试题解析：在S1中空格的前面出现一连串的排比：explore problems, knowledge, attitudes and opinions, or look for...，文章中相应的出现如此的排比的地方第二到第三行：solve problems, share understanding and perspectives, advocate viewpoints, or seek stimulation, 其中solve与explore同义，understanding与knowledge同义， viewpoints与opinions同义，而seek又与look for同义，因此答案是stimulation;S2中的关键词为most audiences和forget，而在第二小段的第一到第三行有：Most audiences do well if they remember as much as 40 per cent of what a speaker says immediately after the speaker concludes，其中有关键词most audiences，以及forget的反义词remember，因此这里应填入60%;在S3中，关键词为work，counteract和listeners，此处的work有“努力、奋力”的意思，counteract表示“反抗、反对、与...作斗争”，而listeners和audiences是同义词，根据第二小段的最后两行：to strive to defeat the poor listening habits of most public audiences，我们可以得出正确答案为poor listening habits，其中strive和work同义，defeat和counteract同义。

由此可见，技巧和语言能力的结合才能提高雅思阅读完成句子题的准确性。