雅思阅读真题解析--剑11TEST1 ‘The Falkirk Wheel’

　　判断题是雅思阅读考试中非常重要的题型，纵观2015年的雅思考试，雅思阅读判断题的比重一直都很大，每次考试的判断题几乎都会在两篇文章中出现。所以，考生在备考中应对其有足够的重视，熟练掌握判断题的出题规律以及解题技巧。

　　通常我们解答判断题的方法是分析题目☞找定位☞标考点词☞再到原文找定位词☞比较分析原文信息和题目考点词的关系，若同义替换则TRUE;若矛盾关系，则FALSE;若题目考点词和原文无关，则NOT GIVEN.

　　判断题的考点主要分为九类：数字考点，否定考点，因果考点，目的考点，绝对词考点，程度副词或形容词考点，趋势词考点，比较类考点，和客观事实(谓语动词或表语)考点。熟练掌握这几类考点的特征是快速准确分析结论的前提。阅读各题型的难度较之前都有一定的提高。例如在剑11中出现的填空题的少数乱序现象，判断题的难度主要体现在定位障碍，定位词替换，跨段出题频繁等等。所以本文具体分析剑桥11中第一套第二篇文章的判断题。

　　14. The Falkirk Wheel has linked the Forth & Clyde Canal with the Union Canal for the first time in history.定位词选择专有名词Forth & Clyde Canal和Union Canal，考点是for the first time，原文对应第一段介绍Falkirk Wheel的历史背景: The Falkirk Wheel in Scotland is the world’s first and only rotating boat life. Opened in 2002, it is central to the ambitious…to restore navigability across Scotland by reconnecting the historic waterways of the Forth & Clyde and the Union Canals.原文中出现了reconnect 表示又一次将Forth & Clyde和Union Canals连接起来通航。所以和考点词‘first time’矛盾，结论是FALSE。

　　15 There was some opposition to the design of the Falkirk Wheel at first.定位词‘design’考点是是否存在opposition，文中并没有直接出现design，但是类似的信息出现在第三段，通过第三段的首句‘Numerous ideas were submitted for the project, including concepts ranging from rolling eggs to tilting tanks, from… ’可以看出，本段是方案提出阶段，所以和design相关。紧接着，原文内容是‘The eventual winner was a plan for the huge rotating steel boat lift which was become the Falkirk Wheel.’之后是涉及的升船机的结构特点。所以并没有提及和题目有关信息，因此本题结论为NOT GIVEN。

　　16. The Falkirk Wheel was initially put together at the location where its components were manufactured.通过定位components，可在第四段的第一句看到various parts, 定位词替换，程度副词考点 initially put together,原文第四段前两句‘The various parts of The Falkirk Wheel were all constructed and assembled…at Butterley Engineering ‘s Steelworks in Derbyshire, some 400km from Falkirk. A team there carefully assembled the 1,200 tonnes of steel, painstakingly fitting the pieces together to…’主要对应考点词的为 assemble 组装，及 fit…together.即在零件生产地先进行所有的零件组装。所以本题结论为TRUE.

　　17.The Falkirk Wheel is the only boat lift in the world which has steel sections bolted together by hand.

　　本题的定位词可选较多，steel section，hand, 考点词也非常明显，绝对次only，原文第四段最后两句，The Wheel would need to withstand immense and constantly changing stresses as it rotated, so to make the structure more robust, the steel sections were bolted rather than welded together. Over 45,000 bolt holes were marched with their boats, and each bolt was hand-tightened.原文没有提及only。

　　小伙伴看到这个题目是不是觉得很熟悉，本题的套路和剑9第一篇判断题‘The tree from which quinine is derived grow only in South America’的考点对应关系是一致的，都是在原文没有提及only，所以该题的结论为NOT GIVEN.

　　18 The weight of the gondolas varies according the size of boat being carried.定位词gondolas,考点是谓语动词varies‘变化’，原文定位之后在第五段第二句话出现了引号‘gondolas’,所以该题目定位较容易，通过精读原句，在定位词出现的下一句，‘These gondolas always weigh the same, whether or not they are carrying boats.’原文的 same和考点词varies是矛盾关系，所以结论为FALSE。

　　19. The construction of the Falkirk Wheel site took into account the presence of a nearby ancient monument.定位词ancient monument 考点 took into account… 即考虑到了…定位词ancient monument 非常难找，对于不知道单词含义的同学，这道题难度就大了很多。ancient monument历史古迹，在原文的最后一段出现了the presence of historically important Antonine Wall, which was built by the Romans in the second century AD. 为了保护历史古迹，工程的建造通过一个管道，从墙下穿过，所以这个题的结论是TRUE。

　　仔细观察这个较难定位的题目，最后一题的时态和之前两题(17.18)不一样，之前是一般现在，最后是过去时。因此，关键时用特殊方法，定位过去时即很快能找到在最后一段出现目标内容。本题出现了跨段的情况，中间间隔的信息恰恰是第二道图题的对应位置。

　　综上，这篇文章的判断题题目信息和考查词汇并不难，存在的难点主要是定位，以及定位之后需要阅读的原文句子较长，通常需要读两句。所以考生在备考时，需要在定位和分析原句的两个方面充分练习。定位词找不到可暂时放弃，先做之后的题目，再利用题目顺序原则，去看未出题段落。

　　读原句的时候，考生要多注意句子中的指代词 it, that, these, those… 根据出现的位置，来判断需要精读的句数。因此，快速定位，精读完整信息，迅速比较，勤练多思，一定能提高判断题正确率。