雅思考试写作备考：增加句子句型多样性

句子结构是雅思写作评分标准“语法的多样性与准确度”中一项十分重要的考量因素，但这并不意味着要求考生具备写长难句的能力。在追求输出像雅思阅读一样精到的语言之前，我们首先要确保的应当是写出来的句子是正确的。有效的句子甚而段落通常应当同时满足以下五个要素：一致、连贯、简洁、强调、多样。

　　1. 一致：如句内的逻辑关系，注意检查是否存在简单推论、逻辑残缺、逻辑悖论、依赖偏见等。

　　Born in a small town in South Chinain the early 1950s, he grew up to be a famous musician。

　　→ He was born in a small town in South China in the early 1950s. In his childhood he liked to sing songs. Later he entered a conservatory. In the 1970s he became a famous musician。

　　2. 连贯：这个问题在平行结构、共用主语、使用指代的情况下尤其需要注意。

　　We thought she was charming, intelligent, and a very capable young woman。

　　→ We thought she was charming, intelligent, and very capable。

　　Or: We thought she was a charming, intelligent, and very capable young woman。

　　He was knocked down by a bicycle, but it was not serious。

　　→ He was knocked down by a bicycle, but was not badly injured。

　　Looking out of the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach。

　　→ Looking out of the window, we can see the grassland stretching as far as the eye can reach。

　　Or: Outside the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach。

　　He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, which nobody believed。

　　→ He gave a reason, which nobody believed, for not attending the meeting。

　　Or: He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, a reason which nobody believed。

　　3. 简洁：英美文化推崇坦率和直接，通常不需要体现咱儒家文化的含蓄和委婉。

　　It was small in size and blue in colour。

　　→ It was small and blue。

　　He usually likes to drink all kinds of wines that are produced in France。

　　→ He prefers French wines。

　　4. 强调：正如每篇文章都要有中心思想(main idea)，每个段落都要有主题句(topic sentence)一般，每个句子都要围绕一个中心观点清晰地呈现出作者想要表现的重点。

　　He is modest and hardworking and is a good student。

　　→ He is a good student, modest and hardworking。

　　There is a big tree, which is said to be 300 years old, in the temple。

　　→ In the temple there is a big tree, which is said to be 300 years old。

　　At the sight of the disorderly crowd, he was aware that something bad would be possible。

　　→ The moment he saw the disorderly crowd, he knew that something bad would happen。

　　5. 多样：中文重重复，英文重替代，中英差异使然。