看经济学人学雅思写作--婚姻经济学（二） - 雅思(IELTS)-全程雅思学习-雅思中国网

摘要：本文为大家详细分析一篇经济学人杂志的文章，不仅有中文翻译，还总结了大量适用于雅思写作的万用经典句式和高分词汇，对于正在备考雅思写作的同学们来说是绝佳的复习资料。详情见文章。

This asymmetry is especially profound for African-American women, whose store of available men has been whittled down further by higher rates of incarceration and mortality. Inter-racial marriage is becoming more common but remains relatively rare.Black women are half as likely as black men to marry someone of another hue, according to the Pew Research Centre. Mismatched desires among lesser-educated men and women have shrunk the share of households headed by amarried couple from two-thirds in 1960 to less than half today. The proportion of children being raised by a single parent has more than doubled in the past fourdecades. More than seven in ten births to African-American women are outside marriage.

这种不对称性对非洲裔美国女性的影响尤其深刻。高犯罪率和高死亡率使得适龄非洲裔美国男性数量缩减。跨种族婚姻正越来越常见但相对而言仍是少数。皮尤研究中心表示，黑人女性进入跨种族婚姻的可能性是黑人男性的一半。受教育程度低的男性和女性的需求不相匹配，这使已婚家庭比例由1960年的2/3降低至如今不到1/2. 在过去40年间，与单亲父母一同生活的儿童数量翻了一倍还多。非洲裔美国女性的孩子超过70%属于非婚生。

【经典句式】

asymmetry不对称性

profound深刻的

incarceration犯罪

mortality死亡

inter-racial marriage跨种族婚姻

rare稀少的

hue肤色

share份额;比例

household家庭

【小作文数据表达】

The proportion of … has more than doubled in ………翻了一倍还多。

On most measures, the children of married couples are already more likely to fare better than those with single parents.But well-educated parents often have more money for schools, safer neighbourhoods and nutritious food, and fewer children to invest in (owing to the higher opportunity cost of child-rearing for career-oriented women). Well-educated parents spend more time with their children than their less-educated peers. For mothers the gap is only a few extra hours a week, but among fathers the difference is considerable: those with a job and a college degree spend more than double the time of less-educated men, according to Jonathan Guryan of Northwestern University and his co-authors.

从大多数方面来看，婚生子女比与单亲父母生活的孩子更有可能获得成功。但除此之外，受教育水平高的父母在教育，安全的居住环境和食品营养上通常也有更充足的财力支持，他们对孩子的投资也会更集中(由于职业女性抚养孩子所需的机会成本很高)。与受教育水平低的父母相比较，受教育水平高的父母会花更多时间与孩子相处。西北大学的乔纳森格瑞安和他的同事表示，在母亲间这种差别只是一周几个小时，但父亲中就相当大了：大学毕业的在职父亲比受更少教育的男性多花超过一倍的时间与孩子相处。

【大作文万用句式】

On most measures, …从大多数方面来看，……

…, owing to … 因为……

【经典句式】

fare better than 比……过得更好

single parent单亲父母

well-educated受教育水平高的

nutritious有营养的

opportunitycost机会成本

child-rearing抚养孩子

career-oriented women职业女性

well-educated parents受教育水平高的父母

less-educated peers受教育水平低的父母

considerable可观的

college degree 大学学位

【犀利观点】教育塑造更好的父母：全段

Having fewer sprogs makes it easier to continue this support through early adulthood, which more parents seem to be doing. Nearly 43% of all youngmen (ages 18 to 34) and more than a third of all young women have yet to flee the nest, according to a new Pew analysis of census data. This boom in late-bloomers may be another sign of privilege. A recent paper from the New York Fed found that this trend can largely be attributed to the surge in student debt over the past decade or so, and itis better-off children who tend to enrol in college in the first place. Children from homes with an annual income of over $108,650, for example, are nearly twice as likely to enrol than those from homes that make less than $34,160,according to a report from the Pell Institute for the Study of Opportunity in Higher Education.

越来越多的父母在孩子成年早期仍提供支持，拥有更少的孩子使这种支持变的相对容易。根据pew的一项新的人口普查数据分析显示，将近43%的年轻男性(18岁至34岁之间)和三分之一的年轻女性仍未脱离父母的支持。这批大器晚成的年轻一代也许是特权的另一种迹象。纽约联邦储备银行近期的一份报告显示，这一趋势很大程度是由于过去十年间学生贷款的激增，且本来更有钱的学生往往才去读大学。PELL学院一项关于受更高教育机会的报告显示，父母年收入高于108650美金的孩子与那些收入低于34，160美金的相比，前者入读大学的可能性几乎是后者的两倍。

【经典句式】

adulthood成年期

yet还没有

flee the nest离巢;子女离家

boom繁荣

late-bloomer大器晚成的人

privilege特权

trend趋势

student debt 学生贷款

better-off更有钱的

tend to 倾向于

enrol in college注册入学;上大学