面对IELTS的TASK1你会束手无策吗?

一、图形种类及概述法:

泛指一份数据图表:a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table

饼图:pie chart

直方图或柱形图:bar chart / histogram

趋势曲线图:line chart / curve diagram

表格图:table

流程图或过程图:flow chart / sequence diagram

程序图:processing/procedures diagram

以下是一些较常用的描述用法

The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that)

According to the table/chart diagram/graph

As (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graph

As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures,

figures/statistics shows (that)...

It can be seen from the figures/statistics

We can see from the figures/statistics

It is clear from the figures/statistics

It is apparent from the figures/statistics

table/chart/diagram/graph figures (that) ...

table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how

......

阅卷考官经常是不会看那些图表的,因此文章必须逻辑清晰,如果描述得能令人在脑海里勾画出那个data chart,这篇task1无疑会达到8分的水平。开篇的第一句话可以是一句高度概括性的introduction(当然开门见山直接描述也是一种写法);这样做不仅使文章更趋于完美,而且可以达到凑字数的目的(但不要照抄题目,除非时间相当紧迫)。接下来另起一段开始进行描述(根据实际情况1-2段),这当中经常要连续使用非限定性定于从句,从而使得描述过程流畅、清晰。最后也可再另起一段进行简短的综述(并非必须)。上述的任何一个步骤都要遵循依据现有data进行客观描述的原则,任何推测性或议论性的内容写得再多、再精彩不仅不会加分,而且还会成为扣分的因素。

二、data的具体表达法

data在某一个时间段固定不变:fixed in time

在一系列的时间段中转变:changes over time

持续变化的data在不同情况下:

增加:increase / raise / rise / go up ...

减少:decrease / grow down / drop / fall ...

波动:fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave ...

稳定:remain stable / stabilize / level off ...

最常用的两种表达法:

动词+副词形式(Verb+Adverb form)

形容词+名词形式(Adjective+Noun form)

1. Verb+Adverb form

The number of XXX

+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate...

+insignificantly/significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly...

+from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)

2. Adjective+Noun form

There was a (very) sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight

+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuation (注意:上述很多词不可用于修饰fluctuation)

+in the number of XXX from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)

描述稳定的data:

The number of XXX remained steady/stable from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)

The number of XXX stayed the same from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)

There was little change / hardly any change / no change in the number of XXX from from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)

描述不同状态的data

Noun form:

steady drop / sharp rise peak / dramatic fall / sharp drop

Verbal form:

(to) bottom out / (to) reach the bottom / (to) increase gradually / (to) reach a plateau / (to) remain steady

描述the highest point以及the lowest point

高点极值:

The monthly profit / The figures / The situation ...

+peaked in (月份/年) <准确时间点用at XXX> at XXX% / XXX(极点data)

或者reached a peak / a high point at XXX% / XXX(极点data)

低点极值:

XXX bottomed out / reached

+rock / the bottom / a low point

或者hit a trough

此外,在描述过程中还有很多的conjunctional words/sentences,最常用的固定搭配如下:

并列:as well as(句首/中), also, as well(句尾), either, neither, too, moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, besides, what's more, apart from ...

举例:for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, in particular, particularly, especially

事实:as a matter of fact, in fact, actually, as long as, so long as ...

雷同/近似:similarly, likewise(句首/尾), at the same time, equally ...

转折:however, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, though, although, even though, while, yet, on the contrary, contrarily, in contrast, conversely, on the other hand, unlikely, in stead (of), in spite of, despite of ...

原因与结果

1. cause-suggestion (几乎不常用)

since / now that ...; I hope that...

because of/on account of/owing to/thanks to + (doing) sth, I hope that...

2. cause-effect (较常用)

XXX lead to / bring about / result in/ account for ...

(一个句子), therefore / thus / hence / as a result / consequently / (and) so ...

3. effect-cause (较常用)

XXX be caused by / result from / be the result of / be the effect of / be the consequence of ...

(一个句子), because ...

it is adj. that ...

it is unimaginable that ...

it is undeniable that ...

it is interesting to discover that ...

三、其它相关常用词(组)

1.主章开头

图表类型:table; chart; diagram; graph; column chart; pie graph

描述:show; describe; illustrate; can be seen from; clear; apparent; reveal; represent

内容:figure; statistic; number; percentage; proportion

2.表示数据

一般:have 10%; at 10%; over 10%

最高(低)点:peaked; reached a peak / high point

bottomed out; reached the bottom

变化:recover略有回升;increase; jump; rise/rose; climb

decrease; fall/fell; drop; decline; reduce

fluctuate浮动,摇摆不定

remained steady/stable; stay the same; little/hardly any /no change

变化程度:sudden/suddenly突然的,意外的

rapid/rapidly迅速的,飞快的,险峻的

dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的,生动的

significant/significantly有意义的,重大的,重要的

sharp/sharply锐利的,明显的,急剧的

steep/steeply急剧升降的

steady/steadily稳固的,坚定不移的

gradual/gradually渐进的,逐渐的

slow/slowly缓慢的,不活跃的

slight/slightly轻微的、略微地

stable/stably稳定的

表示范围:from XXX to XXX; between XXX and XXX; for XXX to XXX多长时间直到

表示程度:almost adv.几乎,差不多

nearly adv.几乎,密切地

approximately adv.近似的,大约

about adv.附近,大约,转向,左右,周围

just over刚超过

over adv.结束,越过,从头到尾

exactly adv.正确地,严密地

precisely adv.正好精确地;清晰地

比例:20 per cent 20%

one in three 1/3

one out of every four 1/4

3.其它在描述中的常用到的词

significant changes图中一些较大变化

noticeable trend明显趋势

during the same period在同一时期

grow/grew增长

distribute分布,区别

unequally不相等地

pronounced明显的

average平均

no doubt无疑地

corresponding adj.相应的,通讯的

represent vt.阐述,表现

overall总体上讲

except除外

in the case of adv.在...的情况下

in terms of / in respect of / regarding在...方面

in contrast相反,大不相同

in conclusion adv.最后,总之

in comparison相比之下

inversely adv.相反地,倒转地

in general通常,大体上,一般而言

range from

excessive adj.过多的,过分的,额外

lower v.降低,跌落

elapse vi.(时间)过去,消逝

category n.种类

government policy政府政策

market forces市场规率

measure n.尺寸,方法,措施v.估量,调节

forecast n.先见,预见v.预测

......

感谢Robert的独家提供,再次感谢!

作者:hdddy


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