雅思课外读物--动物也爱跑步机 2

“Wild bears will often pace back and forth,” he wrote, “but in captivity, the rate of doing it seems to be greatly heightened.”

“野熊经常会来回踱步，”他写道，“但是如果被关起来，他们踱步的频率似乎就会大幅度增加。”

【经典句式】

pace踱步;速度

in captivity圈养

rate速度;比例

heighten提高;增强

Asto why the mice, frogs or perhaps even slugs run, ormove, on the wheel, Dr. Meijer said she thought that “there is an intrinsic motivation for animals, or should I say organisms,to be active.”

至于为什么小鼠、青蛙或者甚至连蛞蝓都会在跑轮上跑步或移动，梅杰说她认为“动物——或者应该说生物——天生想要保持活跃”。

【经典句式】

asto至于

intrinsic固有的

motivation动机

intrinsic motivation内在动机

organism生物

Huda Akil, co-director of the Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute at the University of Michigan, who hasstudied reward systems, said: “It’s not a surprise. All you have to do is watch a bunch of little kids in a playground or a park.They run and run and run.”

研究过奖励机制的密歇根大学(University of Michigan)分子和行为神经研究中心(Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute)主任胡达·阿基勒(HudaAkil)说：“这并不意外。你需要做的就是看一群小孩在操场或公园里玩耍。他们会跑啊，跑啊，一直跑。”

【经典句式】

reward回报;奖励

a bunch of一堆

playground操场

Dr. Akil said that in humans, running activates reward pathways in thebrain, although she pointed out that there are innate differences in temperament in all sorts of animals, including humans. Ratsthat do not like to run can be bred.And plenty of people do all they can to avoid jogging,cycling and elliptical machines.

阿基勒说，在人类身上，跑步运动可以激活大脑里的奖赏回路，虽然她指出各种各样的动物的秉性都存在固有的不同，人类也是如此。可以培育出不爱跑的大鼠。而极尽可能地避免慢跑、骑车和玩椭圆机的人类也多得是。

【经典句式】

activate激活

reward pathway奖赏回路

innate固有的

temperament性格;气质

all sorts of各种各样的

breed-bred- bred 繁殖;培育

plenty of很多的;足够的

jogging慢跑

cycling骑自行车

elliptical machine椭圆机

Presumably, the same is true of wild mice. While some were setting the wheel on fire with their exertions, others, out of camera range, may have been sprawled out on the mouse equivalent of a lounge chair, shaking their whiskers in dismay and disbelief.

对野鼠而言也应是如此。虽然有些老鼠正在跑轮上奋力奔跑，但是那些在摄像机覆盖范围之外的老鼠，可能正摊开手脚躺在老鼠版的休闲椅上，惊恐地或难以置信地抖着胡须。

【经典句式】

presumably应该，表推测

set… on fire 使着火

exertion发挥;运用;努力

out of range在范围之外

sprawl蔓延

sprawl out摊开手脚躺

equivalent等同物

lounge chair休闲椅

whisker胡须

dismay沮丧;惊慌

disbelief难以置信

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