在雅思写作中,使用动名词和分词可以让语句更为紧凑和丰富,比起简单单句能提升表达的层次感。那么怎样正确使用分词和动名词呢?以下是对动名词及分词相关知识的解读:
动名词
动名词既具有动词的一些特征(允许有自己的宾语),又具有名词的一些特征(可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等)。
动名词的时态与语态
构成:与 "V-ing" 分词的构成相同。
时态:
例句:I remember seeing a film.
He admitted to stealing the book.例句:They regret not having taken your advice.
He was praised for having made such a contribution to the company.完成式:表示其动作先于谓语动词的动作。
一般式:也可表示一个先于谓语动词的动作。
被动语态:
例句:He was so surprised at being discovered that he didn’t even try to run away.
The workers were proud of their products being praised highly by the buyers.例句:He dislikes being interrupted during his study.
Several of the customers complain of having been treated very rudely.表示它的逻辑主语是动名词所表示的动作的承受者。
被动态有自己的逻辑主语。
分词
分词既具有动词的一些特征(可以有自己的逻辑宾语),又具有形容词(可以作定语、表语、宾补、主补)和副词(状语)的特征。分词在雅思作文中的作用明显,恰当使用分词会给作文加分不少。
分词的时态和语态
构成(以动词 "do" 为例):
只有一种形式(done),表示被动意义已完成了的动作或状态。
例句:Considered from this point of view, the question will be of great importance.
My taxes having been paid, the amount left in the bank is hardly worth mentioning.主动态:一般式(doing);完成式(having done)
被动态:一般式(being done);完成式(having been done)
否定式:一般式(not doing/not being done);完成式(not having done/not having been done)
例句:The problem being discussed is of importance.
Having been invited to speak, I’ll start making preparations this evening.现在分词的构成 (V-ing):
过去分词的构成 (V-ed):
时态(只有现在分词才有时态形式的变化):
例句:Having finished her homework, she went to bed.
Having worked in the fields for two hours, they had a rest.例句:He came to visit me, bringing his girlfriend with him.
Hearing the good news, she burst into laughing.一般式:表示动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
完成式:表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前,常用作状语。
结语
在雅思写作中,分词和动名词的应用是考生能拿分的技巧。大家在能够基本掌握雅思作文语句的正确书写的情况下,可以练习这两种方法,为自己的雅思作文加分。希望这些知识能帮助你在雅思写作中取得好成绩!
文章来源于网络,如有侵权请联系我们,将会在第一时间处理
更多资讯可以关注微信公众号:IELTSIM。
[AD] 点击此处了解【雅思合集】【学习计划定制】【终生VIP服务】