写作作为一项对大多数中国考生来说较难的科目,它的难度重要体现在以下三个方面:文章构造的合理部署,论证内容有逻辑的扩大,语言多样正确的应用。缺乏其中任何一项都有可能使文章得不到高分。很多加入过测验的考生反应在考场上时光相当的紧,就算控制了大批的高分词汇句型,对构造非常熟习,还是无用武之地,因为扩大不出素材。
针对这种现象,我做了一下总结,绝大多数雅思大作文话题都可以通过以下几个方面进行扩大(简称论据扩大十二大法则),现列举如下:经济(economy)、就业(employment)、时光(time)、空间(space)、心理(psychology)、生理(physiology)、环境(environment)、教导(education)、文化(culture)、科技(technology)、感情(emotion)和个人权力(human right)。 我将通过列举一些例题来印证这十二大法则的实战性。 Some people think tobacco should be made illegal in the same way as other drugs because the products containing it are addictive. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? 通过审题,此题问是否批准烟草行业被取消。批准则要列举烟草的一系列毛病,反之不批准,可列举其长处。我们马上来看看十二大法则,当然不是每一项都利用,但是大多数都可以实用。 Advantages 经济:revenue-rising for the country and businessmen concerning this arena, Disadvantages 经济: money-consuming for smokers 用了上述措施,扩大出来的论据就能更加全面,有条理。下面我再列举一个标题,来做brainstorming。 Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism? 通过审题,此题无非就是我们21世纪是利大于弊还是弊大于利,所以只要列举21世纪发展的优毛病就可以了。我将通过之前介绍的十二大法则来进行素材的扩大。 Advantages: 经济: economy be promoted, efficiency be increased Disadvantages: 就业: growing population, fierce competition 以上两个标题,我都用了十二大原则,可见其具有很强的实用性,能够辅助考生在短时光内扩大话题的素材,且较全面。在长期的应用中,我发明,在这十二大原则中,有些原则基础可以在几个相近话题的标题中应用,因此我们可以给它们起个名字“万能原则”,如经济和就业原则,则可以利用在只要是牵涉到“工业”的话题,如smoking,tourism,mobile phones,computers,writing letters(post office)等等。老师和学生们都可以在平时的应用中做一个总结,使十二大法则能信手拈来。所以仅仅记住这些原则是没用的,考生在考前必定要进行大批的练习,而老师也要在课堂上选取典范的例题进行讲授,这样对考生加快Brainstorming的速度和进步Brainstorming的才能才有辅助。
就业:offer the opportunities of employment in various fronts, including manufacturing, transporting, selling, governing, for residents
时光: killing the time
心理: relieve one’s pressure
文化: forming / shaping cigar culture
生理: be addictive to it, harmful to smokers’ health, leading to lung cancer
环境: air pollution potential hazard of fire
空间: passive smoking / second-hand smoking
感情: be overly-dependent on smoking
科技: advanced technology facilitates people’s life
时光: time-saving when conducting various kinds of activities
个人权力: human rights be laid more emphasis on
心理: increasing number of recreational activities to help people relieve from pressure
心理: pressure coming from a range of aspects
环境: environmental pollution continuing getting worse
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