一篇好文章的条件很多。除了内容丰富和组织紧密之外,词汇的运用和句子的处理,也起着决定性作用。
句子可长可短,同一件事,可以用不同的句式表达。如果句子清一色是简单句,文章必定很单调乏味。如果全篇充满了冗长的复杂句,读起来也很费力。最好的方法是以简单句为基础,配合适当的并列句和复杂句。简单句可长可短,通常要加些附属成分,如分词短语、介词短语、副词短语、不定式动词短语,以及节缩成分。
总之,作者可根据情况,使句子多样化,使文章灵活多姿。例如下列五个句子的基本概念一样,但是句式不同,内容重点也有些差别:
(1) The goats grazed peacefully in the farm and were unaware of the approaching hunter. (并列分句(1)+2)
(2) Grazing peacefully, the goats in the farm were unaware of the approaching hunter. (现在分语短语+简单句)
(3) In the farm, the goats grazed peacefully and were unaware of the approaching hunter. (副词短语+并列分句(1)-(2) )
(4) There were goats grazing peacefully in the farm, unaware of the approaching hunter. (简单句+形容语短语)
(5) As the goats grazed peacefully in the farm, they were unaware of the approaching hunter. (原因副词从句+主句)
(1)和(5)的句式最常见;如果加上其他三种互相交替,句子不是更多样化吗?
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