disposable income
可支配收入
例句
Since they don't have any children and their rent is very cheap, they've a lot of disposable income.
由于他们没有孩子而且房租也非常便宜，所以他们手头可支配的收入相当宽裕。
常用的联想短语或句型
>> conspicuous consumption
=buying expensive things to show people how rich someone is
大手大脚的消费
例句
Many people believe that conspicuous consumption is an antisocial behaviour.
很多人认为大手大脚的消费是一种对社会有害的行为。
>> levy a tax on...
= officially request payment of a tax
(政府)对......征税
例句
A new tax has been levied an cigarettes.
政府开始征收一项新的香烟税。
be economical
经济实用的，节省开支的
例句
A small family car is more economical than a large car.
一辆小的家用汽车比大型汽车要经济些。
常见的近义短语或句型
>> be cost-effective
=be economical in terms of the services received for the money spent
物有所值的
例句
We need a cost-effective solution to the problem.
我们需要找出一个能解决这个问题的高性价比解决方案。
>> be penny-wise and pound-foolish
= be extremely careful about small amounts of money but not careful enough about larger amounts
贪图小利吃大亏
例句
These education budget cuts are really penny-wise and pound-foolish.
这份削减教育预算的决议实在是贪小便宜吃大亏。
a source of income
收入来源
例句
Edward does not have any other source of income apart from his job
除了他的工作，爱德华没有其他的收入来源了。
常用联想短语或句型
>> scrimp and save to do sth.
=spend very little money because you want to save it to buy sth. expensive
(为了将来进行某种很高的消费而) 省吃俭用
例句
They had to scrimp and save to pay for the holiday.
他们为了假期省吃俭用。
>> belong to sb.
= be owned by sb.
属于某人的财物
例句
If you take things belonging to the company without permission, you will face disciplinary action.
如果你未经许可拿走公司财物。
make ends meet
勉强保持收支平衡
例句
My wages were so low I had to take a side job just to make ends meet.
我的工资实在是太低了，我还得千另外一份兼职才能勉强保持收支平衡。
常用联想短语或句型
>> be broke
= be completely without money
身无分文(请注意这个意思不能说成be broken)
例句
I'm always broke by the end of the month.
我每个月都是月光族。
>> abject poverty
= extreme poverty
极端的贫困
例句
Over a billion people are still living in abject poverty and each year, over six millionchildren die as a result of malnutrition.
有超过10亿的人还生活在极端的贫困之中，而且每年有600万的儿童死于营养不良。
the cost of living
生活开支
例句
If you are a student planning on moving to London, one important consideration will be the cost of living there.
如果你是一名正准备搬到伦敦的学生，那么你必须要考虑好生活成本的问题。
常用的联想短语或句型
>> standard of living
= the type of lice that a person or society has
生活水平，生活标准
例句
Britain has a varied standard of living, from the very affordable to the really expensive.
从极易达到的到非常昂贵的,英国有着多样化的生活标准。
>> receipt
= a document that you get from someone showing that you have given them money
收据
例句
If you return wanted shoes straightaway , with a receipt，the shop will probably give you a refund.
如果你退回不想购买的鞋并附有收据，商店很可能会给你退款。
cost sb. a fortune
让某人花了很多钱
例句
A tank of petrol can cost you a fortune these days.
加满一箱汽油要花费你一笔不菲的钱。
常见近义短语或句型
>> The bill for...is exorbitant.
= being very expensive
某物过于昂贵
例句
The bill for dinner in that restaurant is exorbitant.
那家餐馆的餐费实在是太昂贵了。
>> prohibitively high prices
= prices that are so high they prevent people from buying sth.
过于高昂的价格
例句
Apart from the prohibitively high medicine prices, the cost of maintaining medical equipment is rising as well.
除了过于高昂的医疗费用，对医疗器械的维护费用也同样上涨了。
常见反义短语或句型
>> be free of charge
= cost nothing
完全免费的
例句
You can buy two and pay for just one一the other is free of charge.
这件商品是买一送一的，赠品完全免费。
>> make a fortune
= earn a very large amount of money
发财
例句
Even if you don't make a fortune from this herb, there are few sights more attractive than a field of purple coneflowers.
即使你不靠这些草药发财，也很少会有比一望无际的紫色金花菊更吸引人的美景了。
the haves and the have-nots
有钱人与穷人的总称
例句
Unfortunately, the gap between the haves and the have-nots has been widening.
不幸的是，贫富之间的鸿沟正在不断加宽。
常用联想短语或句型
>> accumulate wealth
= collect a large amount of money over a long period of time
聚积财富
例句
Benjamin accumulated much of his wealth through real estate investment.
本杰明通过投资房地产积累了很多财富。
a status symbol
身份与地位的标志
例句
Green cars are considered status symbols these days.
环保汽车如今被看做是身份的象征。
常用联想短语或句型
>> luxury goods
goods for which demand increases more than proportionally as income rises
奢侈品
例句
Expensive clothes and accessories are considered luxury goods.
昂贵的衣服和首饰被认为是奢侈品。
>> commodity
= sth. that can be bought and sold
商品的较正式说法
例句
Fish were a vital commodity in growing towns and cities where food supplies were a constant concern.
由于食品供应一直令人担忧，在不断发展的城镇中鱼是一种极为重要的商品。
be acquisitive
总想索取的，贪得无厌的
例句
She's an acquisitive person，always wanting to gain and possess new things.
她是一个贪得无厌的人，总是想着去占有新的东西。
常用联想短语或句型
>> vanity
= being too interested in someone's own abilities or appearance
虚荣心，自负
例句
Reece wants the job purely for the reason of vanity.
瑞斯纯粹是出于虚荣才想得到那份工作的。
tighten one's belt
节省开支
例句
Joel had to tighten his belt since he lost his job.
因为丢了工作，乔尔要开始勒紧裤腰带生活了。
常见近义短语或句型
>> do sth. on a shoe string
= do sth. using very little money
花很少的钱去做某事
例句
This business is run on a shoestring.
这份生意是在精打细算的条件下完成的。
cannot afford sth.
买不起某物
例句
They can't afford such expensive holidays.
他们承担不起如此昂贵的假期旅行。
常用联想短语或句型
>> be beyond sb. 's means
= be too expensive for sb.
超过了某人的消费能力
例句
The medical charges are beyond the means of needy families.
对于那些需要帮助的家庭来说，昂贵的医疗费用只能让他们望洋兴叹。
be dirt-cheap
非常便宜的
例句
The hotel we stayed in was dirt-cheap, but our room was very nice.
虽然我们入住的酒店十分便宜，但房间环境却非常好。
常见近义短语或句型
>> a bargain
= a hover-than-usual price
很便宜的
例句
These shoes are a bargain at just 15 pounds.
这些低价鞋只卖15镑。
常用联想短语或句型
>> be undervalued
= be considered to be worth less than sth. really is
价值被低估的
例句
Smell is probably the most undervalued sense in many cultures.
嗅觉大概是在很多文化中最被低估的一种感官。
go on a shopping spree
疯狂购物
例句
Rasie went on a shopping spree this weekend.
露丝这周末去商场大血拼了。
常见反义短语或句型
>> window-shopping
= the activity of looking at things in shop windows but not buying anything
只着橱窗但不购买
例句
Window-shopping is fun for some and frustrating for others.光看不买的行为对一些人来说是种乐趣，而对另一些人来说则十分讨厌了。
keep track of sth.
掌握某事物的动向
例句
Scarlett found it hard to keep track of her expenses.
斯嘉丽发觉要找出她把钱都花在哪儿了可真是一件困难的事。
常见反义短语或句型
>> loss track of sth.
= fail to keep track of sth.
失去对某事物动向的了解
例句
Kaya never lost track of her favourite celebrities.
凯亚对她最崇拜的偶像从来都是了如指掌。
fall short
不够，缺少
例句
We tried to raise eighty thousand pounds，but unfortunately we fell short by about ten thousand.
我们计划募集到80,000英镑的款额，但不幸的是，最终我们差了大约10,000镑。
常用联想短语或句型
>> fall short of one's expectations
= is disappointing to someone
未能达到某人的期望
例句
He kept falling short of my expectations.
他总是达不到我对他的期望。
Only... won't balk at this price.
只有..才不会对这种价格望而却步
例句
Only well-heeled business people won't balk at this price, especially when buyers can get just 3 hours of battery life.
只有(非常富有的人)才不会对这种价格望而却步，尤其是这个产品只有3个小时的电池寿命。
常见近义短语或句型
>> a prohihitive price
= a price that is too high for the average people
价格过于高昂的
例句
The price of land in London is prohibtive.
伦敦的地价过于高昂。
covet sth.
非常希望得到(别人已经拥有的东西)
例句
The laptop looks pretty cool and this is the closest I've ever got to actually coveting a Dell laptop.
这款笔记本电脑看起来非常不错，这回我真是头一次想拥有一台戴尔电脑。
常用联想规语或句型
>> envy sb.
= want very much to do sth. that sb. else does
羡慕某人
例句
I envy people who are always optimistic.
我很羡慕那些始终保持乐观的人。
financial support
财务上的支持
例句
The UN provided financial support to the refugees.
联合国为难民提供经济援助。
常见近义短语或句型
>> financial aid
= money that an organisation or a government gives to a country or an area
经济援助
例句
Some people believe that the government should spend less on overseas financial aid.
一些人认为政府应该减少在海外援助上的支出。
常用联想短语或句型
>> financial issue
= financial subject that people discuss
有关财务或财政的议题
例句
Financial issues are critical to the goverment.
财政问题对于政府而言很关键。
keep up with the Joneses
与他人去攀比
例句
This society has been having a "keeping up with the Joneses" complex for years and now it's crashing down around its people.
这个社会一直有着互相攀比的积习，并且现在人们已经在饱尝这种恶习的后果了。
常用联想短语或句型
>> peer pressure
= the influence other people of your age have on the way you behave
来自于同辈人的压力
例句
Peer pressure can be very disorienting for children.
来自于同辈的压力很容易让孩子们迷失方向。
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